Knowledge Diagram Navigation:

Spatial co-ordinations are initially random, and will automatically re-arrange to minimize complexity based on distance between relationships. Mouse down and drag to pan. Right click on the strategic diagram toggles between motion and stationary. Hover over abstract node (orange) to view abstractions. Hover over leaf node to view corresponding narrative. Left click on the leaf node expands the narrative to view full text.

Narrative Analysis - Report

Key Focus

People like Ms. Kirks who rely on public benefits, such as food stamps, are facing a relentless threat: Scammers are using illegally installed skimming devices to lift payment card data from unsuspecting victims who swipe their payment cards through the devices in stores or at A.T.M.s ...

According to the Department of Agriculture, which oversees the food stamp program, the federal government has spent at least $30 million reimbursing stolen benefits in the past year. ...

"That's impossible," she told the cashier.. . Ms. Kirks, 70, knew that she had saved up a sizable sum in monthly benefits from the federal food assistance program, also known as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, or SNAP ...

Momentum supporting factors

(benefits,benefit)

(benefit,technology)

Challenge supporting factors

(benefits,kirks,scammers)

(benefits,scammers)

(food,benefits,scammers)

(food,kirks,scammers)

(food,scammers)

(food,benefits,kirks)

(food,benefits,federal)

(benefits,kirks,unsuspecting)

(benefits,unsuspecting)

(food,benefits,unsuspecting)

(food,kirks,unsuspecting)

(food,unsuspecting)

(skimming,unsuspecting)

(food,skimming)

(benefits,skimming)

Work-in-progress supporting factors

(food,benefits,kirks)

(food,federal,kirks)

(benefits,kirks,federal)

(food,benefits,federal)

(benefits,thieves)

(food,benefits,thieves)

(food,thieves)

(benefits,federal,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program)

(benefits,kirks,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program)

(benefits,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program)

(food,benefits,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program)

(food,federal,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program)

(food,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program)

(benefits,federal,sum)

(benefits,kirks,sum)

Time Period	Challenge	Momentum	WIP
Report	42.68	0.61	56.71

High Level Abstraction (HLA) combined

High Level Abstraction (HLA)	Report
(1) (food,benefits,kirks)	100.00
(2) (food,benefits,federal)	90.98
(3) (food,scammers)	64.92
(4) (benefits,scammers)	63.08
(5) (benefits,kirks,federal)	58.84
(6) (benefits,kirks,scammers)	52.76
(7) (food,benefits,scammers)	51.93
(8) (food,kirks,scammers)	51.01
(9) (food,federal,kirks)	47.97
(10) (benefits,kirks,unsuspecting)	42.82
(11) (benefits,unsuspecting)	42.73
(12) (food,benefits,unsuspecting)	41.80
(13) (food,kirks,unsuspecting)	41.34
(14) (food,unsuspecting)	41.25
(15) (skimming,unsuspecting)	41.16
(16) (benefits,thieves)	41.07
(17) (food,skimming)	40.24
(18) (food,benefits,thieves)	40.24
(19) (food,thieves)	39.96
(20) (benefits,federal,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program)	39.13
(21) (benefits,kirks,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program)	38.58
(22) (benefits,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program)	38.40
(23) (benefits,skimming)	38.40
(24) (food,benefits,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program)	37.66
(25) (food,federal,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program)	36.83
(26) (food,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program)	36.65
(27) (benefits,federal,sum)	35.91
(28) (benefits,kirks,sum)	35.36
(29) (food,benefit,cash)	35.17
(30) (benefits,sum)	35.08
(31) (food,benefits,sum)	34.44
(32) (food,federal,sum)	33.61
(33) (food,sum)	33.33
(34) (benefits,federal,snap)	32.69
(35) (food,benefit,benefits)	32.41
(36) (benefits,kirks,snap)	32.14
(37) (benefits,snap)	31.77
(38) (food,benefits,snap)	31.22
(39) (food,federal,snap)	30.48
(40) (benefits,kirks,skimming)	30.11
(41) (food,benefits,skimming)	29.19
(42) (food,kirks,skimming)	28.36
(43) (benefits,skimmers)	28.08
(44) (food,benefits,skimmers)	27.72
(45) (food,benefits,neediest)	26.98
(46) (benefit,cash,scammers)	25.87
(47) (food,cash,scammers)	25.69
(48) (benefit,cash,model)	25.32
(49) (food,cash,model)	25.14
(50) (benefit,cash,duplicated)	24.95
(51) (benefit,duplicated)	24.49
(52) (food,benefit,duplicated)	24.22
(53) (food,cash,duplicated)	24.13
(54) (food,kirks,long_beach)	24.03
(55) (food,kirks,grocery)	23.66
(56) (food,kirks,cavernous)	23.57
(57) (food,kirks,albertsons)	23.11
(58) (food,federal,skimming)	22.47
(59) (food,benefit,government)	21.92
(60) (food,federal,government)	21.64
(61) (food,federal,fall)	21.09
(62) (food,federal,diapers)	20.44
(63) (food,benefit,cost)	19.80
(64) (food,federal,cost)	19.71
(65) (food,federal,benefit)	19.06
(66) (food,benefit,credit)	18.42
(67) (food,benefit,scammers)	14.36
(68) (benefit,credit,liability)	13.90
(69) (benefit,liability)	13.72
(70) (food,benefit,liability)	13.44
(71) (benefit,credit,fraud)	13.17
(72) (benefit,fraud)	12.89
(73) (food,benefit,fraud)	12.80
(74) (benefit,credit,cardholder)	12.43
(75) (food,benefit,cardholder)	12.15
(76) (food,credit)	11.97
(77) (benefits,benefit)	11.42
(78) (benefits,kirks,government)	10.96
(79) (benefits,federal,chip)	10.77
(80) (benefits,federal,technology)	9.85
(81) (benefit,credit,banks)	9.48
(82) (benefits,federal,skimming)	9.30
(83) (benefit,technology)	9.12
(84) (benefits,federal,reimbursed)	8.29
(85) (skimming,reimbursed)	7.73
(86) (benefits,federal,multibillion-dollar)	7.37
(87) (benefits,federal,magnetic-stripe)	6.54
(88) (benefit,credit,technology)	5.16
(89) (benefit,scammers)	3.96
(90) (benefit,model)	3.87
(91) (benefit,michelle_salomon_madaio)	3.78
(92) (benefit,homeless_persons_representation_project)	3.68
(93) (benefit,depositing)	3.59
(94) (skimming,thieves,video)	3.50
(95) (skimming,video)	3.41
(96) (skimming,snapping)	3.31
(97) (skimming,thieves,snapping)	3.04
(98) (skimming,skimmers)	2.95
(99) (skimming,thieves,skimmers)	2.67
(100) (skimming,security)	2.49

Supporting narratives:

Please refer to knowledge diagram for a complete set of supporting narratives.

momentum - Back to HLA

By comparison, most credit and debit cards issued by banks now have chips, which function as tiny computers that use encryption to protect account information.. . State agencies that administer benefits haven't adopted chip technology, in part, because no federal law requires it. Not only are chip cards more costly than magnetic-stripe cards, but transitioning a multibillion-dollar benefit program to a new payment structure can be logistically challenging, advocates said ...
High Level Abstractions:

(benefits,benefit)
(benefit,technology)
Inferred entity relationships (1)
(benefit,benefits,food) [inferred]

challenge - Back to HLA

People like Ms. Kirks who rely on public benefits, such as food stamps, are facing a relentless threat: Scammers are using illegally installed skimming devices to lift payment card data from unsuspecting victims who swipe their payment cards through the devices in stores or at A.T.M.s ...
High Level Abstractions:

(benefits,kirks,scammers)
(food,benefits,scammers)
(food,scammers)
(food,kirks,scammers)
(benefits,scammers)
Inferred entity relationships (18)
(benefits,kirks,sum) [inferred]
(benefits,food,unsuspecting) [inferred]
(benefits,kirks,snap) [inferred]
(food,kirks,unsuspecting) [inferred]
(food,kirks,long_beach) [inferred]
(benefits,food,thieves) [inferred]
(benefits,kirks,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(food,scammers) [inferred]
(benefits,food,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(benefits,kirks,skimming) [inferred]
(benefits,food,skimmers) [inferred]
(benefits,food,kirks) [inferred]
(benefits,food,snap) [inferred]
(food,kirks,skimming) [inferred]
(benefits,food,skimming) [inferred]
(benefits,food,sum) [inferred]
(benefits,food,neediest) [inferred]
(benefits,kirks,unsuspecting) [inferred]

challenge - Back to HLA

. People like Ms. Kirks who rely on public benefits, such as food stamps, are facing a relentless threat: Scammers are using illegally installed skimming devices to lift payment card data from unsuspecting victims who swipe their payment cards through the devices in stores or at A.T.M.s ...
High Level Abstractions:

(food,benefits,kirks)
Inferred entity relationships (13)
(benefits,food,unsuspecting) [inferred]
(food,kirks,unsuspecting) [inferred]
(food,kirks,long_beach) [inferred]
(food,kirks,scammers) [inferred]
(benefits,food,thieves) [inferred]
(benefits,food,scammers) [inferred]
(benefits,food,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(benefits,food,skimmers) [inferred]
(benefits,food,snap) [inferred]
(food,kirks,skimming) [inferred]
(benefits,food,skimming) [inferred]
(benefits,food,sum) [inferred]
(benefits,food,neediest) [inferred]

challenge - Back to HLA

According to the Department of Agriculture, which oversees the food stamp program, the federal government has spent at least $30 million reimbursing stolen benefits in the past year. ...
High Level Abstractions:

(food,benefits,federal)
(food,benefit,benefits)
Inferred entity relationships (26)
(benefits,federal,skimming) [inferred]
(benefits,food,unsuspecting) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,snap) [inferred]
(benefit,benefits) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,kirks) [inferred]
(benefits,food,thieves) [inferred]
(benefits,food,scammers) [inferred]
(benefits,food,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,multibillion-dollar) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(federal,food,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(benefits,food,sum) [inferred]
(federal,food,snap) [inferred]
(benefits,food,neediest) [inferred]
(federal,food,government) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,magnetic-stripe) [inferred]
(federal,food,kirks) [inferred]
(federal,food,sum) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,sum) [inferred]
(federal,food,skimming) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,reimbursed) [inferred]
(benefits,food,skimmers) [inferred]
(benefits,food,kirks) [inferred]
(benefits,food,snap) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,technology) [inferred]
(benefits,food,skimming) [inferred]

challenge - Back to HLA

Kirks who rely on public benefits, such as food stamps, are facing a relentless threat: Scammers are using illegally installed skimming devices to lift payment card data from unsuspecting victims who swipe their payment cards through the devices in stores or at A.T.M.s. ...
High Level Abstractions:

(food,benefits,unsuspecting)
(food,kirks,unsuspecting)
(skimming,unsuspecting)
(food,unsuspecting)
(benefits,kirks,unsuspecting)
(benefits,unsuspecting)
Inferred entity relationships (18)
(benefits,kirks,sum) [inferred]
(benefits,kirks,snap) [inferred]
(benefits,food,thieves) [inferred]
(benefits,food,scammers) [inferred]
(benefits,food,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(benefits,food,sum) [inferred]
(food,unsuspecting) [inferred]
(benefits,food,neediest) [inferred]
(food,kirks,long_beach) [inferred]
(food,kirks,scammers) [inferred]
(benefits,kirks,scammers) [inferred]
(benefits,kirks,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(benefits,kirks,skimming) [inferred]
(benefits,food,skimmers) [inferred]
(benefits,food,kirks) [inferred]
(benefits,food,snap) [inferred]
(food,kirks,skimming) [inferred]
(benefits,food,skimming) [inferred]

challenge - Back to HLA

Kirks who rely on public benefits, such as food stamps, are facing a relentless threat: Scammers are using illegally installed skimming devices to lift payment card data from unsuspecting victims who swipe their payment cards through the devices in stores or at A.T.M.s ...
High Level Abstractions:

(benefits,kirks,skimming)
(benefits,skimming)
(food,kirks,skimming)
(food,skimming)
(skimming,scammers)
(food,benefits,skimming)
Inferred entity relationships (18)
(benefits,kirks,sum) [inferred]
(benefits,food,unsuspecting) [inferred]
(benefits,kirks,snap) [inferred]
(food,kirks,unsuspecting) [inferred]
(benefits,food,thieves) [inferred]
(benefits,food,scammers) [inferred]
(benefits,food,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(benefits,food,sum) [inferred]
(benefits,food,neediest) [inferred]
(benefits,kirks,unsuspecting) [inferred]
(food,kirks,long_beach) [inferred]
(food,kirks,scammers) [inferred]
(benefits,kirks,scammers) [inferred]
(benefits,kirks,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(benefits,food,skimmers) [inferred]
(benefits,food,kirks) [inferred]
(benefits,food,snap) [inferred]
(food,skimming) [inferred]

challenge - Back to HLA

The federal reimbursement program for food stamps is slated to end in the fall, leaving little recourse for skimming victims. ...
High Level Abstractions:

(food,federal,skimming)
Inferred entity relationships (6)
(federal,food,kirks) [inferred]
(federal,food,sum) [inferred]
(food,skimming) [inferred]
(federal,food,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(federal,food,snap) [inferred]
(federal,food,government) [inferred]

challenge - Back to HLA

This comes at a significant cost, not only to benefit recipients but also to the public. According to the Department of Agriculture, which oversees the food stamp program, the federal government has spent at least $30 million reimbursing stolen benefits in the past year. ...
High Level Abstractions:

(food,benefit,government)
(food,federal,government)
Inferred entity relationships (8)
(benefit,food,liability) [inferred]
(federal,food,kirks) [inferred]
(federal,food,sum) [inferred]
(federal,food,skimming) [inferred]
(benefit,food,fraud) [inferred]
(federal,food,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(federal,food,snap) [inferred]
(benefit,food,scammers) [inferred]

challenge - Back to HLA

How do I look at my baby in her face and know that I might not have funds for her diapers.". . The federal reimbursement program for food stamps is slated to end in the fall, leaving little recourse for skimming victims. ...
High Level Abstractions:

(food,federal,fall)
Inferred entity relationships (6)
(federal,food,kirks) [inferred]
(federal,food,sum) [inferred]
(federal,food,skimming) [inferred]
(federal,food,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(federal,food,snap) [inferred]
(federal,food,government) [inferred]

challenge - Back to HLA

How do I look at my baby in her face and know that I might not have funds for her diapers.". . The federal reimbursement program for food stamps is slated to end in the fall, leaving little recourse for skimming victims ...
High Level Abstractions:

(food,federal,diapers)
Inferred entity relationships (6)
(federal,food,kirks) [inferred]
(federal,food,sum) [inferred]
(federal,food,skimming) [inferred]
(federal,food,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(federal,food,snap) [inferred]
(federal,food,government) [inferred]

challenge - Back to HLA

This comes at a significant cost, not only to benefit recipients but also to the public. According to the Department of Agriculture, which oversees the food stamp program, the federal government has spent at least $30 million reimbursing stolen benefits in the past year ...
High Level Abstractions:

(food,benefit,cost)
(food,federal,benefit)
(food,federal,cost)
Inferred entity relationships (6)
(federal,food,kirks) [inferred]
(federal,food,sum) [inferred]
(federal,food,skimming) [inferred]
(federal,food,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(federal,food,snap) [inferred]
(federal,food,government) [inferred]

challenge - Back to HLA

Yet, unlike credit and debit cards issued by banks, benefit cards issued by public agencies don't come with fraud protection, which limits a credit or debit cardholder's liability for unauthorized charges ...
High Level Abstractions:

(food,benefit,credit)
(benefit,fraud)
(benefit,credit,fraud)
(food,benefit,fraud)
Inferred entity relationships (8)
(benefit,food,liability) [inferred]
(benefit,credit,food) [inferred]
(benefit,credit,liability) [inferred]
(benefit,food,scammers) [inferred]
(credit,food) [inferred]
(benefit,food,government) [inferred]
(benefit,credit,fraud) [inferred]
(benefit,credit,technology) [inferred]

challenge - Back to HLA

Yet, unlike credit and debit cards issued by banks, benefit cards issued by public agencies don't come with fraud protection, which limits a credit or debit cardholder's liability for unauthorized charges. ...
High Level Abstractions:

(benefit,liability)
(food,benefit,liability)
(food,benefit,cardholder)
(benefit,credit,cardholder)
(benefit,credit,liability)
(food,credit)
Inferred entity relationships (8)
(benefit,credit,food) [inferred]
(benefit,cardholder,food) [inferred]
(benefit,food,scammers) [inferred]
(benefit,cardholder,credit) [inferred]
(benefit,food,government) [inferred]
(benefit,credit,fraud) [inferred]
(benefit,food,fraud) [inferred]
(benefit,credit,technology) [inferred]

challenge - Back to HLA

The federal reimbursement program for food stamps is slated to end in the fall, leaving little recourse for skimming victims. When Congress passed the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023, which funded reimbursements, the law required the restoration of benefits stolen only through Sept ...
High Level Abstractions:

(food,skimming)

challenge - Back to HLA

According to the Department of Agriculture, which oversees the food stamp program, the federal government has spent at least $30 million reimbursing stolen benefits in the past year.. . After she was skimmed, Ms ...
High Level Abstractions:

(benefits,kirks,federal)
(benefits,kirks,government)
Inferred entity relationships (9)
(benefits,federal,skimming) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,magnetic-stripe) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,multibillion-dollar) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,snap) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,sum) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,food) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,technology) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,reimbursed) [inferred]

challenge - Back to HLA

Kirks was partly reimbursed for the stolen money, receiving around $580. Federal law caps the amount that skimming victims can get to two months'worth of benefits. While she waited for the reimbursement, Ms ...
High Level Abstractions:

(benefits,skimming)
(benefits,federal,skimming)
(skimming,federal)
Inferred entity relationships (10)
(benefits,federal,magnetic-stripe) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,snap) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,sum) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,food) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,kirks) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,reimbursed) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,multibillion-dollar) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,technology) [inferred]
(federal,skimming) [inferred]

challenge - Back to HLA

Kirks was partly reimbursed for the stolen money, receiving around $580. Federal law caps the amount that skimming victims can get to two months'worth of benefits ...
High Level Abstractions:

(skimming,reimbursed)
(benefits,federal,reimbursed)
Inferred entity relationships (9)
(benefits,federal,skimming) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,magnetic-stripe) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,multibillion-dollar) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,snap) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,sum) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,food) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,technology) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,kirks) [inferred]

challenge - Back to HLA

Welfare programs that use payment cards are similarly vulnerable. Yet, unlike credit and debit cards issued by banks, benefit cards issued by public agencies don't come with fraud protection, which limits a credit or debit cardholder's liability for unauthorized charges ...
High Level Abstractions:

(benefit,credit,banks)
Inferred entity relationships (4)
(benefit,credit,fraud) [inferred]
(benefit,credit,food) [inferred]
(benefit,credit,liability) [inferred]
(benefit,credit,technology) [inferred]

challenge - Back to HLA

The federal reimbursement program for food stamps is slated to end in the fall, leaving little recourse for skimming victims ...
High Level Abstractions:

(skimming,federal)

WIP - Back to HLA

"That's impossible," she told the cashier.. . Ms. Kirks, 70, knew that she had saved up a sizable sum in monthly benefits from the federal food assistance program, also known as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, or SNAP ...
High Level Abstractions:

(food,benefits,federal)
(benefits,kirks,sum)
(benefits,federal,sum)
(food,benefits,sum)
(food,benefits,kirks)
(benefits,sum)
(food,federal,sum)
(food,sum)
(food,federal,kirks)
(benefits,kirks,federal)
Inferred entity relationships (36)
(benefits,federal,skimming) [inferred]
(benefits,food,unsuspecting) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,snap) [inferred]
(benefits,kirks,snap) [inferred]
(food,kirks,unsuspecting) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,kirks) [inferred]
(benefits,food,thieves) [inferred]
(benefits,food,scammers) [inferred]
(benefits,food,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,multibillion-dollar) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(federal,food,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(food,sum) [inferred]
(benefits,food,sum) [inferred]
(benefits,food,neediest) [inferred]
(federal,food,snap) [inferred]
(federal,food,government) [inferred]
(benefits,kirks,unsuspecting) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,magnetic-stripe) [inferred]
(federal,food,sum) [inferred]
(federal,food,kirks) [inferred]
(food,kirks,long_beach) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,sum) [inferred]
(food,kirks,scammers) [inferred]
(federal,food,skimming) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,food) [inferred]
(benefits,kirks,scammers) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,reimbursed) [inferred]
(benefits,kirks,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(benefits,kirks,skimming) [inferred]
(benefits,food,skimmers) [inferred]
(benefits,food,kirks) [inferred]
(benefits,food,snap) [inferred]
(food,kirks,skimming) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,technology) [inferred]
(benefits,food,skimming) [inferred]

WIP - Back to HLA

How Scammers Are Stealing Food Stamps From Struggling Americans. . Thieves are using skimmers to drain millions in food stamps and other public benefits from the neediest Americans. ...
High Level Abstractions:

(benefits,thieves)
(food,benefits,thieves)
(food,thieves)
Inferred entity relationships (10)
(benefits,food,unsuspecting) [inferred]
(benefits,food,scammers) [inferred]
(benefits,food,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(benefits,food,skimmers) [inferred]
(benefits,food,kirks) [inferred]
(benefits,food,snap) [inferred]
(benefits,food,skimming) [inferred]
(benefits,food,sum) [inferred]
(benefits,food,neediest) [inferred]
(food,thieves) [inferred]

WIP - Back to HLA

Kirks, 70, knew that she had saved up a sizable sum in monthly benefits from the federal food assistance program, also known as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, or SNAP. ...
High Level Abstractions:

(benefits,kirks,snap)
(food,benefits,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program)
(benefits,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program)
(benefits,snap)
(food,federal,snap)
(benefits,federal,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program)
(benefits,kirks,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program)
(food,federal,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program)
(food,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program)
(food,benefits,snap)
(benefits,federal,snap)
Inferred entity relationships (33)
(benefits,federal,skimming) [inferred]
(benefits,kirks,sum) [inferred]
(benefits,food,unsuspecting) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,snap) [inferred]
(benefits,kirks,snap) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,kirks) [inferred]
(benefits,food,thieves) [inferred]
(food,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(benefits,food,scammers) [inferred]
(benefits,food,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,multibillion-dollar) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(federal,food,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(benefits,food,sum) [inferred]
(benefits,food,neediest) [inferred]
(federal,food,snap) [inferred]
(federal,food,government) [inferred]
(benefits,kirks,unsuspecting) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,magnetic-stripe) [inferred]
(federal,food,kirks) [inferred]
(federal,food,sum) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,sum) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,food) [inferred]
(federal,food,skimming) [inferred]
(benefits,kirks,scammers) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,reimbursed) [inferred]
(benefits,kirks,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(benefits,kirks,skimming) [inferred]
(benefits,food,skimmers) [inferred]
(benefits,food,kirks) [inferred]
(benefits,food,snap) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,technology) [inferred]
(benefits,food,skimming) [inferred]

WIP - Back to HLA

How Scammers Are Stealing Food Stamps From Struggling Americans. . Thieves are using skimmers to drain millions in food stamps and other public benefits from the neediest Americans.. ...
High Level Abstractions:

(benefits,skimmers)
(food,benefits,skimmers)
Inferred entity relationships (9)
(benefits,food,scammers) [inferred]
(benefits,food,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(benefits,food,unsuspecting) [inferred]
(benefits,food,kirks) [inferred]
(benefits,food,snap) [inferred]
(benefits,food,skimming) [inferred]
(benefits,food,sum) [inferred]
(benefits,food,neediest) [inferred]
(benefits,food,thieves) [inferred]

WIP - Back to HLA

How Scammers Are Stealing Food Stamps From Struggling Americans. . Thieves are using skimmers to drain millions in food stamps and other public benefits from the neediest Americans.. . Something was very wrong with Jackie Kirks's food stamp card. ...
High Level Abstractions:

(food,benefits,neediest)
Inferred entity relationships (9)
(benefits,food,scammers) [inferred]
(benefits,food,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(benefits,food,unsuspecting) [inferred]
(benefits,food,skimmers) [inferred]
(benefits,food,kirks) [inferred]
(benefits,food,snap) [inferred]
(benefits,food,skimming) [inferred]
(benefits,food,sum) [inferred]
(benefits,food,thieves) [inferred]

WIP - Back to HLA

The duplicated card can be used for groceries or cash, depending on the card that was cloned. Scammers can determine the amount of food stamps stored on an E.B.T. ...
High Level Abstractions:

(benefit,cash,scammers)
(food,cash,scammers)
Inferred entity relationships (5)
(food,scammers) [inferred]
(benefit,cash,model) [inferred]
(benefit,cash,food) [inferred]
(cash,food,model) [inferred]
(benefit,cash,duplicated) [inferred]

WIP - Back to HLA

Last year, Maryland passed a law that expanded reimbursements for stolen food stamps and cash assistance, even if they meant drawing from state funds - a model that some advocates hope other states will adopt. ...
High Level Abstractions:

(food,cash,model)
(benefit,cash,model)
Inferred entity relationships (4)
(cash,food,scammers) [inferred]
(benefit,cash,scammers) [inferred]
(benefit,cash,food) [inferred]
(benefit,cash,duplicated) [inferred]

WIP - Back to HLA

The duplicated card can be used for groceries or cash, depending on the card that was cloned. Scammers can determine the amount of food stamps stored on an E.B.T ...
High Level Abstractions:

(benefit,cash,duplicated)
(food,benefit,duplicated)
(benefit,duplicated)
(food,benefit,cash)
(food,cash,duplicated)
Inferred entity relationships (9)
(benefit,cash,scammers) [inferred]
(cash,duplicated,food) [inferred]
(cash,food,model) [inferred]
(benefit,duplicated,food) [inferred]
(cash,food,scammers) [inferred]
(benefit,cash,model) [inferred]
(benefit,cash,food) [inferred]
(benefit,cash,duplicated) [inferred]
(benefit,duplicated) [inferred]

WIP - Back to HLA

While standing at the checkout line in a cavernous Albertsons grocery store in Long Beach, Calif., last December, Ms. Kirks was told that she didn't have enough money in her account to pay for food. ...
High Level Abstractions:

(food,kirks,albertsons)
(food,kirks,cavernous)
(food,kirks,long_beach)
(food,kirks,grocery)
Inferred entity relationships (4)
(food,kirks,unsuspecting) [inferred]
(food,kirks,long_beach) [inferred]
(food,kirks,scammers) [inferred]
(food,kirks,skimming) [inferred]

WIP - Back to HLA

by calling a state's benefit hotline and can withdraw cash benefits at any A.T.M. ...
High Level Abstractions:

(food,benefit,cash)
Inferred entity relationships (5)
(cash,food,scammers) [inferred]
(benefit,cash,scammers) [inferred]
(benefit,cash,model) [inferred]
(cash,food,model) [inferred]
(benefit,cash,duplicated) [inferred]

WIP - Back to HLA

Scammers can determine the amount of food stamps stored on an E.B.T. by calling a state's benefit hotline and can withdraw cash benefits at any A.T.M. ...
High Level Abstractions:

(food,benefit,benefits)
Inferred entity relationships (11)
(benefits,food,unsuspecting) [inferred]
(benefit,benefits) [inferred]
(benefits,food,thieves) [inferred]
(benefits,food,scammers) [inferred]
(benefits,food,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(benefits,food,skimmers) [inferred]
(benefits,food,kirks) [inferred]
(benefits,food,snap) [inferred]
(benefits,food,skimming) [inferred]
(benefits,food,sum) [inferred]
(benefits,food,neediest) [inferred]

WIP - Back to HLA

The duplicated card can be used for groceries or cash, depending on the card that was cloned. Scammers can determine the amount of food stamps stored on an E.B.T. by calling a state's benefit hotline and can withdraw cash benefits at any A.T.M ...
High Level Abstractions:

(food,benefit,scammers)
(food,scammers)
Inferred entity relationships (4)
(benefit,food,government) [inferred]
(food,scammers) [inferred]
(benefit,food,liability) [inferred]
(benefit,food,fraud) [inferred]

WIP - Back to HLA

Now, every month, she stays up late on the day her benefits are deposited, making sure to change her PIN at exactly midnight to throw off any potential scammers who may have gotten her card information. ...
High Level Abstractions:

(benefits,scammers)

WIP - Back to HLA

. State agencies that administer benefits haven't adopted chip technology, in part, because no federal law requires it. Not only are chip cards more costly than magnetic-stripe cards, but transitioning a multibillion-dollar benefit program to a new payment structure can be logistically challenging, advocates said ...
High Level Abstractions:

(benefits,federal,chip)
(benefits,federal,technology)
Inferred entity relationships (9)
(benefits,federal,skimming) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,magnetic-stripe) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,multibillion-dollar) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,snap) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,sum) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,food) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,kirks) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,reimbursed) [inferred]

WIP - Back to HLA

State agencies that administer benefits haven't adopted chip technology, in part, because no federal law requires it. Not only are chip cards more costly than magnetic-stripe cards, but transitioning a multibillion-dollar benefit program to a new payment structure can be logistically challenging, advocates said ...
High Level Abstractions:

(benefits,federal,multibillion-dollar)
(benefits,federal,magnetic-stripe)
Inferred entity relationships (10)
(benefits,federal,skimming) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,magnetic-stripe) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,snap) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,sum) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,food) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,kirks) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,reimbursed) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,multibillion-dollar) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,supplemental_nutrition_assistance_program) [inferred]
(benefits,federal,technology) [inferred]

WIP - Back to HLA

Scammers can determine the amount of food stamps stored on an E.B.T. by calling a state's benefit hotline and can withdraw cash benefits at any A.T.M.. . This comes at a significant cost, not only to benefit recipients but also to the public ...
High Level Abstractions:

(benefits,benefit)
Inferred entity relationships (1)
(benefit,benefits,food) [inferred]

WIP - Back to HLA

Both are monthly programs and are transferred to participants through a payment card known as an "electronic benefit transfer," or E.B.T.. . . E.b.t. cards, unlike debit and credit cards, use basic payment technology, bearing just a magnetic stripe that contains an account number. ...
High Level Abstractions:

(benefit,technology)
(benefit,credit,technology)
Inferred entity relationships (3)
(benefit,credit,fraud) [inferred]
(benefit,credit,food) [inferred]
(benefit,credit,liability) [inferred]

WIP - Back to HLA

By comparison, most credit and debit cards issued by banks now have chips, which function as tiny computers that use encryption to protect account information ...
High Level Abstractions:

(benefit,credit,banks)
Inferred entity relationships (4)
(benefit,credit,fraud) [inferred]
(benefit,credit,food) [inferred]
(benefit,credit,liability) [inferred]
(benefit,credit,technology) [inferred]

WIP - Back to HLA

The duplicated card can be used for groceries or cash, depending on the card that was cloned. Scammers can determine the amount of food stamps stored on an E.B.T. by calling a state's benefit hotline and can withdraw cash benefits at any A.T.M. ...
High Level Abstractions:

(benefit,scammers)

WIP - Back to HLA

Last year, Maryland passed a law that expanded reimbursements for stolen food stamps and cash assistance, even if they meant drawing from state funds - a model that some advocates hope other states will adopt.. . "It feels like states think that just by depositing the benefit on a card, we did our job," said Michelle Salomon Madaio, a senior attorney at the Homeless Persons Representation Project in Baltimore ...
High Level Abstractions:

(benefit,model)
(benefit,depositing)

WIP - Back to HLA

"It feels like states think that just by depositing the benefit on a card, we did our job," said Michelle Salomon Madaio, a senior attorney at the Homeless Persons Representation Project in Baltimore ...
High Level Abstractions:

(benefit,michelle_salomon_madaio)

WIP - Back to HLA

"It feels like states think that just by depositing the benefit on a card, we did our job," said Michelle Salomon Madaio, a senior attorney at the Homeless Persons Representation Project in Baltimore. ...
High Level Abstractions:

(benefit,homeless_persons_representation_project)

WIP - Back to HLA

Skimming devices are used in conjunction with hidden video cameras, which capture PIN codes associated with accounts.. . Skimming devices can be installed in seconds ...
High Level Abstractions:

(skimming,thieves,video)
(skimming,video)

WIP - Back to HLA

Skimming devices are used in conjunction with hidden video cameras, which capture PIN codes associated with accounts.. . Skimming devices can be installed in seconds. Security camera footage has caught thieves snapping card skimmers over card readers and A.T.M. ...
High Level Abstractions:

(skimming,snapping)
(skimming,thieves,security)
(skimming,thieves,snapping)
(skimming,security)
Inferred entity relationships (5)
(security,skimming,thieves) [inferred]
(skimming,snapping,thieves) [inferred]
(skimming,snapping) [inferred]
(skimming,thieves,video) [inferred]
(security,skimming) [inferred]

WIP - Back to HLA

Skimming devices can be installed in seconds. Security camera footage has caught thieves snapping card skimmers over card readers and A.T.M. ...
High Level Abstractions:

(skimming,skimmers)
(skimming,thieves,skimmers)
Inferred entity relationships (3)
(skimmers,skimming) [inferred]
(skimming,thieves,video) [inferred]
(skimmers,skimming,thieves) [inferred]

WIP - Back to HLA

Here's how it works: Thieves covertly slip card readers known as skimming devices inside card readers at A.T.M.s or atop point-of-sale systems in stores. ...
High Level Abstractions:

(skimming,thieves,point-of-sale)
Inferred entity relationships (1)
(skimming,thieves,video) [inferred]

WIP - Back to HLA

Skimming devices are used in conjunction with hidden video cameras, which capture PIN codes associated with accounts.. . Skimming devices can be installed in seconds. Security camera footage has caught thieves snapping card skimmers over card readers and A.T.M ...
High Level Abstractions:

(skimming,thieves,pin)
Inferred entity relationships (1)
(skimming,thieves,video) [inferred]

WIP - Back to HLA

The criminals then use the information to create fake payment cards and steal money from victims'accounts.. . Skimming schemes started spiking in prevalence around 2022 ...
High Level Abstractions:

(skimming,thieves,information)
(skimming,information)
Inferred entity relationships (3)
(information,skimming,thieves) [inferred]
(skimming,thieves,video) [inferred]
(information,skimming) [inferred]

WIP - Back to HLA

Skimming schemes started spiking in prevalence around 2022. Thieves target a variety of card-based payments, including those made with credit and debit cards. ...
High Level Abstractions:

(skimming,thieves,credit)
Inferred entity relationships (1)
(skimming,thieves,video) [inferred]

WIP - Back to HLA

users vulnerable to digital theft. Here's how it works: Thieves covertly slip card readers known as skimming devices inside card readers at A.T.M.s or atop point-of-sale systems in stores ...
High Level Abstractions:

(skimming,thieves,covertly)
Inferred entity relationships (1)
(skimming,thieves,video) [inferred]

WIP - Back to HLA

The criminals then use the information to create fake payment cards and steal money from victims'accounts.. . Skimming schemes started spiking in prevalence around 2022. Thieves target a variety of card-based payments, including those made with credit and debit cards. ...
High Level Abstractions:

(skimming,thieves,card-based)
Inferred entity relationships (1)
(skimming,thieves,video) [inferred]

WIP - Back to HLA

Security camera footage has caught thieves snapping card skimmers over card readers and A.T.M. ...
High Level Abstractions:

(skimming,thieves,camera)
Inferred entity relationships (1)
(skimming,thieves,video) [inferred]

WIP - Back to HLA

Here's how it works: Thieves covertly slip card readers known as skimming devices inside card readers at A.T.M.s or atop point-of-sale systems in stores. When a card is swiped through, the skimming device can read and store the account information in its magnetic stripe. ...
High Level Abstractions:

(skimming,information)
Inferred entity relationships (1)
(information,skimming,thieves) [inferred]

Semantics Relevance

How Scammers Are Stealing Food Stamps From Struggling Americans